#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>

// --- Core Interfaces & Abstractions (Interface Segregation) --- //

class Logger {
public:
    virtual void log(const std::string& message) const = 0;
    virtual ~Logger() = default;
};

class Debuggable {
public:
    virtual const Logger& logger() const = 0;

    void debug(const std::string& message) const {
        logger().log("[DEBUG] " + message);
    }

    virtual ~Debuggable() = default;
};


// --- Concrete Implementation (Dependency Inversion) --- //

class ConsoleLogger : public Logger {
public:
    void log(const std::string& message) const override {
        std::cout << message << std::endl;
    }
};


// --- Domain Layer (Single Responsibility Principle) --- //

struct Education {
    std::string bachelors;
    std::string masters;
    std::string specialization;

    Education(const std::string& b,
              const std::string& m,
              const std::string& s)
        : bachelors(b), masters(m), specialization(s) {}
};


// --- Application Layer (Abstraction, Encapsulation) --- //

class Engineer {
public:
    virtual std::string introduce() const = 0;
    virtual ~Engineer() = default;
};


// --- High-Level Module (Open/Closed Principle + DI) --- //

class SoftwareEngineer : public Engineer, public Debuggable {
private:
    std::string _name;
    std::string _passion;
    std::string _location;
    Education _education;
    std::shared_ptr<Logger> _logger;

public:
    SoftwareEngineer(
        const std::string& name,
        const std::string& passion,
        const std::string& location,
        const Education& education,
        std::shared_ptr<Logger> logger
    )
        : _name(name),
          _passion(passion),
          _location(location),
          _education(education),
          _logger(std::move(logger)) {
        debug("SoftwareEngineer instance initialized.");
    }

    const Logger& logger() const override {
        return *_logger;
    }

    std::string introduce() const override {
        debug("Generating introduction...");
        return
            "Hi there, I'm " + _name + "!\n" +
            "Passionate about " + _passion + " and solving real-world problems.\n" +
            "Based in " + _location + ".\n" +
            "I hold a Bachelor's in " + _education.bachelors + ".\n" +
            "Currently pursuing a Master's in " + _education.masters +
            ", specializing in " + _education.specialization + ".";
    }
};


// --- Composition Root (Dependency Injection) --- //

int main() {
    auto logger = std::make_shared<ConsoleLogger>();

    Education education(
        "Computer Science",
        "Data Science",
        "Machine Learning & Embedded Intelligence"
    );

    SoftwareEngineer husain(
        "Husain",
        "building smart software & embedded systems",
        "Texas",
        education,
        logger
    );

    std::cout << husain.introduce() << std::endl;

    return 0;
}